Hanging a Gourd (Practicing Medicine) to Help the World

行醫(yī)救助世人?！皯覊亍奔窗蜒b藥的葫蘆掛起來，作為行醫(yī)賣藥的招牌，泛指從事醫(yī)療職業(yè)；“濟(jì)世”是對(duì)困苦之人提供救助。這一觀念，使行醫(yī)賣藥超越了一般職業(yè)與謀生手段而被賦予了人文關(guān)懷的意義。它既是世人對(duì)于醫(yī)者救死扶傷、治病救人行為的一種贊頌，也是醫(yī)者用以自勵(lì)的道德準(zhǔn)則和價(jià)值判斷。

This term means to help people by practicing medicine. "Hanging a gourd" refers to the tradition of using gourd containing medications as a sign for those practicing and selling medicine; it is used more broadly to refer to those in the medical profession. "Helping the world" means providing aid and relief to those in distress. This concept elevates the practice of medicine above ordinary occupations and livelihoods, and imbues it with humanistic caring. It praises the deeds of physicians who care for the sick and dying, and is also a moral standard and value by which they should measure themselves.

引例 Citations：

◎市中有老翁賣藥，懸一壺于肆頭。（《后漢書·方術(shù)傳下·費(fèi)長房》）

集市里面有一個(gè)賣藥的老頭兒，把一只藥葫蘆掛在集市的街頭。

There was an old man who sold medicine in the market. He hung a medicine gourd at his market stand. (History of the Later Han Dynasty)

◎所以醫(yī)人不得恃己所長，專心經(jīng)略財(cái)物，但作救苦之心……志存救濟(jì)，故亦曲碎論之，學(xué)者不可恥言之鄙俚也。（孫思邈《千金方·論大醫(yī)精誠》）

行醫(yī)之人，不能仗著自己有一技之長，光想著謀取財(cái)物，而要懷有一顆把世人從苦痛中解救出來的善心……[我]志在救助世人，所以絮絮叨叨地講論這些，希望學(xué)醫(yī)的人不要恥笑我的想法很鄙陋。

Someone who practices medicine must not simply rely on a particular skill and think only of acquiring money and goods. Rather, he must have a passion for relieving the sufferings of others… My aim is to help others, and I hope students of medicine will not mock my keeping saying so as being shallow. (Sun Simiao: Essential Formulas for Emergencies)

推薦：教育部 國家語委

供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社

責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安