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禍福
Fortune and Misfortune
災(zāi)禍與福祉。“禍?！敝笇?duì)人具有不同利害影響的事情或其導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果?！暗湣敝笇?duì)人具有危害的災(zāi)禍，“?！敝附o人帶來好處的福祉。一般而言，人們會(huì)追求福祉而避免災(zāi)禍。為此，人們也會(huì)探究“禍?！碑a(chǎn)生的原因。有人認(rèn)為，“禍福”是上天對(duì)人的賞罰，或是命運(yùn)的限定，非人力所能掌控；也有人主張，“禍?！苯匀Q于人自身的言行。此外，也有人強(qiáng)調(diào)，應(yīng)超越對(duì)禍福的計(jì)較，而行人所當(dāng)為之事。
Huofu (禍福) refers to things that have good or harmful impacts on people or the results that they may cause. Fu (福) refers to good fortune that benefits people while huo (禍) refers to disasters that harm humans. Generally speaking, people pursue good fortune while avoiding misfortune. Therefore, they also explore the reasons for the occurrence of good fortune and misfortune. Some people believe that fortune and misfortune are rewards or punishments from heaven or limitations imposed by destiny that are beyond human control. Others advocate that fortune and misfortune depend on people's own words and deeds. In addition, some emphasize that people should go beyond calculating fortune and misfortune and just do what they should do.
引例 Citations：
◎禍兮，福之所倚；福兮，禍之所伏。（《老子·五十八章》）
災(zāi)禍?zhǔn)歉ｌ硭匈嚨牡胤?，福祉是?zāi)禍所潛藏的地方。
Fortune lies beside misfortune; misfortune lurks within fortune. (Laozi)
◎茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之。（林則徐《赴戍登程口占示家人》其二）
如果有利于國家，以死而為之，豈會(huì)因?yàn)樵馐転?zāi)禍而逃避。
I place my country's interests above my own life, and never consider fortune or misfortune in taking action. (Lin Zexu: Farewell to My Family on My Way to Exile)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
